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01·02·2021
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1 de Febreiro de 2021 Pais d’Aguiar

Chinese legal culture and business activity: is there a bridge, or just two worlds apart?

The understanding of chinese legal culture demands, first, recognizing the meaning and importance of the traditional philosophical concepts of Fa 法, in Legalism, and Li礼 in Confucianism.

While Fa 法relates to Law, Li礼relates to rites. The privilege granted to harmony, benevolence, and conciliation in chinese society and social relations reflects the utmost relevance of respecting and observing Li礼 in every aspect of daily life. Therefore, dispute resolution is preferably solved through mediation, renegotiation, and reconciliation so that both parts can reach the so-desirable win-win situation. Hence, appealing to courts to solve a dispute may be seen by overall society as a non-desirable last resource solution as, ultimately, it may expose both parts inabilities to reach consensus. This inability and the consequent judicial intervention, for instance, in commercial disputes may still mean that mediation can take place in court. However, Fa 法 is seen as the ultima ratio resource whereas mediation is the privileged path to reach a solution when dispute occurs. Accordingly, understanding the importance of mediation is of the uttermost gravity when doing business involves chinese-western cultural exchange ambience. Recognizing, respecting, and understanding the differences between different cultures is the obvious first step to business success. Nevertheless, being open and available to the possibility of accepting mediation as the prime solution if a future dispute occurs, is something that western businessmen should bear in mind when negotiating in chinese culture. Overall, not even during the Covid-19 pandemic did the primary role of mediation in dispute resolution fade away. Quite recently, Qiao Lu also highlighted the relevance of mediation in civil and commercial disputes throughout the Covid-19 pandemic and “[…] the emphasis placed on consensual solutions (by way of mediation and renegotiation), and the flexibility and relatively guidance afforded to lower courts in their adjudication of disputes arising in connection with COVID-19.” 1. At a first glance, one may frown when considering chinese legal culture and business activity wondering that they are just two worlds apart but, actually, they are just standing on the same bridge.

1 QIAO, Liu (2020) – COVID-19 in Civil or Commercial Disputes: First Responses from Chinese Courts. The Chinese Journal of Comparative Law. [Online]. 8:2 (2020) 485–501. [Consult. 1 Oct. 2020]. Available at WWW: <URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxaa023>. EISSN 2050-4810.

Tempo exterior: Revista de análise e estudos internacionais
Pais d’Aguiar, Filipa
Professora Auxiliar da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Lusíada - Lisboa. Investigadora integrada do CEJEA – Centro de Estudo Jurídicos Económicos e Ambientais. Orcid ID: 0000- 0003-1614-1521. Grupo de Investigação de Direito Público e Teoria Política - http://cejea.ulusiada.pt/en-us/. 

Professora Auxiliar da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Lusíada - Lisboa. Investigadora integrada do CEJEA – Centro de Estudo Jurídicos Económicos e Ambientais. Orcid ID: 0000- 0003-1614-1521. Grupo de Investigação de Direito Público e Teoria Política - http://cejea.ulusiada.pt/en-us/. 

Doutoramento em Direito pela Universidade Lusíada (Lisboa, 2019) sob o tema: “Ne bis in idem e o ordenamento jurídico chinês e português, na actualidade. Subsídios históricos, desafios e aspectos prospectivos.”

Membro da Law and Society Association

Membro da APT – Associação Portuguesa de Tradutores

Certificado Internacional HSK III - Chinese Proficiency Test (2017)

Prémio Excelência em exame HSK pelo Instituto Confúcio da Universidade de Lisboa (2016)

Curso de Tradução Chinês - Português pelo Instituto Confúcio da Universidade de Lisboa (2016)

Training Program Certificate - Teachers Of Chinese as a Foreign Language pelo Confucius Institute Headquarters (Hanban) e Instituto Confúcio da Universidade de Lisboa (2016)

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